ABSTRACT

Energy is one of the most important human problematic throughout history , the ancient man knew the renewable energy sources such as sunshine , wind, and deal with them and their benefits , these sources and applications have evolved through the ages with the evolution of the human way of life and the growth and development needs energy. In the early nineteenth century, the number of the world’s population has increased and consequently increased the demands for energy, also the development of knowledge and inventions have increased the need for petroleum derivatives. With the beginnings of the twentieth century, the electricity began to be used in a wide range of fields, e.g. in the lighting and management of electric motors, which helped to facilitate livelihoods. The coal, petroleum, natural gas, and water were used to produce electricity, and later discovered nuclear energy and in turn used for the production of electrical energy. With the increasing use of energy resources caused problems such as environmental pollution and global warming, it has emerged from here the importance of securing renewable energy sources (or what is known as the clean energy). Solar energy occupies an important position among the alternative energy, but the problem is related to the presence of sunlight and the arrival of these rays to the systems or devices adequately. Therefore, the problem of dust presence and other accumulations on the surfaces of these systems of is one of the important problems facing researchers in the areas of the use of solar cells energy. The  research in this area of interest has demonstrated that more than 50% of the solar energy effectively is lost if one do not clean the device for two month and this percentage varies from country to other depending on the nature of the dust and the nature of the weather in that country [1], and of course, the cleaning process will increase the cost of maintenance and operation.

The research includes generating a thin layer of plasma on the solar cell’s surface to prevent the dust particles from reaching, accumulating  and deposition on it. At the same time, the deposited dust particles (before running plasma generating circle)are expelled. 

Tin dioxide, transparent and high electrical conductivity poles are depositing on a glass substrate (12 x 12 ) cm2 . in order to produce a plasma layer on the surface of the solar cell,  the  poles are supplied by electricity from the solar cell output. The plasma is generated by an electrical discharge between the two poles. This operation is used for the removal of the deposited dust in seconds and consumes only a very small proportion of D.C. electricity generated from solar panels (0.03 amperes).